Keyword

backwardness

Referred to in

ʿAbd al-Raḥmān, Usāma. Tanmiyat al-Takhalluf wa-Idārat al-Tanmiya: Idārat al-Tanmiya Fī al-Waṭan al-ʿArabī wa-l-Niẓām al-ʿĀlamī al-Jadīd. Beirut: Markaz Dirāsāt al-Waḥda al-ʿArabiyya , 1997.
ʿAbd al-ʿĀlī, Dibla. al-Tajruba al-Tanmawiyya al-Jazāʾiriyya wa-Ishkāliyyat al-Tabaʿiyya wa-l-Takhalluf: Dirāsa Taḥlīliyya Bināʾiyya. Cairo: Jāmiʿat al-Qāhira, 1989.
Ayyūb, Fawziyya Ramaḍān. al-Hijra al-Dākhiliyya wa-l-Takhalluf al-ʿUmmālī: Dirāsa Naẓariyya wa-Maydānīyya li-ʿAyna min ʿUmmāl Maṣnaʿ minṭaqat Ḥalwān. Cairo: Jāmiʿat al-Qāhira, 1969.
al-Imām, Muḥammad al-Sayyid. ʿIlm Ijtimāʿ al-Tanmiya: Ruʾya Ḥawl Qaḍāyā al-Takhalluf wa-l-Tanmiya wa-Masīrat Taḥdīth al-Mujtamaʿ. Cairo: al-Markaz al-Qawmī li-l-Buḥūth al-Ijtimāʿiyya wa-l-Jināʾiyya, 1994.
al-Jamāl, Gharīb, and Ṣalāḥ al-Dīn ʿUqda. al-Takhalluf al-Iqtiṣādī wa-l-Tanmiya. Cairo: Markaz al-Tadrīb al-Mihanī li-Shurṭat al-Qāhira, 1973.
al-Jumaylī, Khayrī Khalīl. Al-Sulūk al-Inḥirāfī Fī Iṭār al-Takhalluf wa-l-Taqaddum. Alexandria: al-Maktab al-Jāmiʿī al-Ḥadīth, 1998.
Jāmiʿ, Muḥammad Nabīl. al-Taḥlīl al-Shāmil li-Asbāb Takhalluf al-Qarya al-Miṣriyya wa-l-Marʾiyyāt al-Tanfīdhiyya al-Tanmawiyya. Cairo: Akādīmiyyat al-Baḥth al-ʿIlmī wa-l-Tiknūlūjyā، Jāmiʿat al-Iskandariyya,
Kasbar, Maḥmūd Muḥammad. Takhalluf al-Mujtamaʿāt al-Nāmiya Bayn al-Muʿawwiqāt al-Maḥalliyya wa-l-Taḥaddiyāt al-ʿĀlamiyya: Dirāsa Taḥlīliyya li-Wāqiʿ al-Mujtamaʿ al-Miṣrī. N/A: N/A, 2000.
Khalīfa, Maḥrūs Maḥmūd. Ārāʾ fī Qaḍāyā al-Takhalluf wa-l-Tanmiya. Alexandria: M. M. Khalīfa, 1993.
al-Kurdī, Maḥmūd. al-Takhalluf wa-Mushkilāt al-Mujtamaʿ al-Miṣrī . Cairo: Dār al-Maʿārif, 1979.
Kābis, Zīna Maḥmūd. Iqtiṣādiyyāt al-Tanmiya wa-l-Takhalluf. Cairo: Maʿhad al-Takhṭīṭ al-Qawmī, 1971.
al-Najjār, Zaynab Ibrāhīm Muḥammad. Al-Takhalluf al-Ijtimāʿī li-l-Marʾa al-Rīfiyya: Dirāsa Fī QaryatQamrūta Markaz Minyā al-Qumḥ bi-Muḥāfaẓat al-Sharqiyya. Cairo: Jāmiʿat al-Azhar, 1981.
al-Najjār, Zaynab Ibrāhīm Muḥammad. al-Takhalluf al-Ijtimāʿī li-l-Marʾa: Dirāsa fī Qaryat Qamrūna Markaz Minyā al-Qamḥ. Cairo: Jāmiʿat al-Azhar, Kulliyyat al-Dirāsāt al-Insāniyya, Qism al-Ijtimāʿ, 1981.
Riḍwān, Nādiya. Takhalluf al-Waʿī al-Ṣiḥḥī wa-Muʿawwiqāt al-Tanmiya: Dirāsa Ijtimāʿiyya Maydāniyya Fī Majāl ʿIlm al-Ijtimāʿī al-Ṭibbī. N/A: N/A, 1995.
al-Rubīʿī, ʿAbduh Muḥammad Fāḍil. Mashākil al-Takhalluf wa-Muʿawwiqāt wa-ʿAqabāt al-Tanmiya al-Iqtiṣādiyya wa-l-Ijtimāʿiyya fī al-Jumhūriyya al-Yamaniyya wa-Imkāniyyāt Muʿālajatihā bi-l-Takhṭīṭ al-Ṭawīl al-Ajal. Cairo: Maʿhad al-Buḥūth wa-l- Dirāsāt al-ʿArabiyya, 1994.
Samʿān, Shanuda. Fuṣūl fī al-Takhalluf wa-l-Tanmiya wa-Iqtiṣādiyyāt al-Maʿīsha. Cairo: Maʿhad al-Takhṭīṭ al-Qawmī, 1983.
al-Sharqāwī, Mamdūḥ Fahmī. al-Takhalluf wa-l-Tanmiya al-Iqtiṣādiyya. Cairo: Maʿhad al-Takhṭīṭ al-Qawmī, 1975.
Shukrī, Ghālī. Diktātūriyyat al-Takhalluf al-ʿArabī Muqaddima fī Taʾṣīl Sūsyūlūjyyā al-Maʿrifa. Cairo: al-Hayʾa al-Miṣriyya al-ʿĀmma li-l-Kitāb, 1994.
Sulaymān, ʿAṭiyya Mahdī. al-Tanmiya al-Iqtiṣādiyya wa-Mashākil al-Takhalluf. Cairo: Maʿhad al-Takhṭīṭ al-Qawmī, 1993.
Wahba, Murād. Jarthūm al-Takhalluf. Cairo: Dār Qabāʾ li-l-Ṭibāʿa wa-l-Nashr wa-l-Tawzīʿ, 1998.
Wālī, ʿAbd al-Hādī Muḥammad. al-Tanmiya wa-l-Takhalluf fī al-Mujtamaʿ al-Ḥaḍarī: Dirāsa Ijtimaʿiyya fī Muḥāfaẓat al-Iskandariyya. Alexandria: Jāmiʿat al-Iskandariyya, 1977.
Ḥaydar, Fuʾād. al-Tanmiya wa-l-Takhalluf fī al-ʿĀlam al-ʿArabī. Beirut: Dār al-Fikr al-ʿArabī, 1990.
Ḥijāzī, Muṣṭafā. Al-Takhalluf al-Ijtimāʿī: Madkhal Ilā Saykūlūjiyyat al-Insān al-Maqhūr. Beirut: Maʿhad al-Inmāʾ al-ʿArabī, 1998.
Ḥijāzī, ʿIzzat. al-Tanmiya wa-l-Takhalluf fī al-Waṭan al-ʿArabī. Beirut: Dār al-Tanwīr li-l-Ṭibāʿa wa-l-Nashr, 1985.
al-Ḥusaynī, al-Sayyid. al-Tanmiya wa-l-Takhalluf. Alexandria: Dār al-Maʿrifa al-Jāmiʿiyya, 1993.

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